Brain microcirculation is the part of the brain vasculature that contains the smallest vessels and is the closest to neurones.
It plays a central role in brain physiology and physiopathology as it regulates transport and transfer of nutrients (e.g. oxygen) and metabolic wastes.
The microvasculature consists of arterioles, veinules and capillaries, with very specific structures and functions. Ateriolar and veinular trees have a quasi-fractal structure and transport efficiently; whereas the capillary bed has a homogeneous structure that is efficient at transfers between blood and brain tissues.